The programme explores both the exact structure and the precise behaviour of future materials and promising biomolecules as the basis for future innovations. It also addresses fundamental problems: among other things, the researchers examine samples of matter, which are exposed to extreme conditions that otherwise only prevail inside stars and planets. Or they bombard matter with extremely intense laser beams and analyse their behaviour. Understanding exotic phenomena ultimately makes practical use possible. Heavy ion physics, for example, forms a basis for new forms of cancer treatment.